Gravedad Específica de Gemas — Tabla de Referencia
Densidad de 132 especies de gemas: GE mínima, típica y máxima, ordenadas de mayor a menor. La gravedad específica se mide por pesada hidrostática — pesar la piedra en el aire y suspendida en agua — y funciona sobre material en bruto y fragmentos sin pulir, aunque no sobre piedras montadas.
Los nombres de las gemas aparecen en su forma comercial en inglés y enlazan a la ficha detallada de cada especie (en inglés).
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Probar Loupewise Gratis →| Gema | GE Mín | GE Típica | GE Máx | Dureza | Sistema Cristalino |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cinnabar | 8.00 | 8.10 | 8.20 | 2–2.5 | Trigonal |
| Cassiterite | 6.80 | 6.95 | 7.10 | 6–7 | Tetragonal |
| Cuprite | 5.85 | 6.14 | 6.15 | 3.5–4 | Cúbico |
| Cubic Zirconia | 5.60 | 5.80 | 6.00 | 8–8.5 | Cúbico |
| Hematite | 4.95 | 5.28 | 5.30 | 5.5–6.5 | Trigonal |
| Zircon | 4.60 | 4.69 | 4.80 | 7.5 | Tetragonal |
| YAG | 4.50 | 4.55 | 4.60 | 8–8.5 | Cúbico |
| Spessartite Garnet | 4.12 | 4.15 | 4.18 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Sphalerite | 3.90 | 4.09 | 4.10 | 3.5–4 | Cúbico |
| Almandine Garnet | 3.93 | 4.05 | 4.30 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Star Garnet | 3.93 | 4.05 | 4.30 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Color-Change Sapphire | 3.99 | 4.00 | 4.01 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Low-Type Zircon | 3.90 | 4.00 | 4.10 | 6 | Tetragonal |
| Padparadscha Sapphire | 3.95 | 4.00 | 4.03 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Pink Sapphire | 3.98 | 4.00 | 4.01 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Ruby | 3.97 | 4.00 | 4.05 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Sapphire | 3.95 | 4.00 | 4.03 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Star Ruby | 3.97 | 4.00 | 4.05 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Star Sapphire | 3.95 | 4.00 | 4.03 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Synthetic Color-Change Corundum | 3.97 | 4.00 | 4.05 | 9 | Trigonal |
| White Sapphire | 3.99 | 4.00 | 4.01 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Yellow Sapphire | 3.99 | 4.00 | 4.01 | 9 | Trigonal |
| Demantoid Garnet | 3.82 | 3.84 | 3.88 | 6.5–7 | Cúbico |
| Rhodolite Garnet | 3.74 | 3.84 | 3.94 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Malachite | 3.60 | 3.80 | 4.05 | 3.5–4 | Monoclínico |
| Pyrope Garnet | 3.62 | 3.78 | 3.87 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Malaya / Umbalite Garnet | 3.65 | 3.75 | 3.87 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Alexandrite | 3.70 | 3.73 | 3.78 | 8.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl | 3.70 | 3.73 | 3.78 | 8.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Chrysoberyl | 3.70 | 3.73 | 3.78 | 8.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Color-Change Garnet | 3.65 | 3.72 | 3.80 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Kyanite | 3.53 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 4.5–7 | Triclínico |
| Benitoite | 3.64 | 3.66 | 3.68 | 6–6.5 | Hexagonal |
| Synthetic Spinel | 3.61 | 3.63 | 3.66 | 8 | Cúbico |
| Grossular Garnet | 3.57 | 3.61 | 3.73 | 6.5–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Hessonite Garnet | 3.59 | 3.61 | 3.65 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Taaffeite | 3.59 | 3.61 | 3.63 | 8–8.5 | Hexagonal |
| Tsavorite Garnet | 3.59 | 3.61 | 3.65 | 7–7.5 | Cúbico |
| Black Spinel | 3.58 | 3.60 | 3.61 | 8 | Cúbico |
| Rhodonite | 3.57 | 3.60 | 3.76 | 5.5–6.5 | Triclínico |
| Spinel | 3.57 | 3.60 | 3.63 | 7.5–8 | Cúbico |
| Sphene | 3.45 | 3.53 | 3.55 | 5–5.5 | Monoclínico |
| Topaz | 3.49 | 3.53 | 3.57 | 8 | Ortorrómbico |
| Blue Diamond | 3.50 | 3.52 | 3.53 | 10 | Cúbico |
| Brown Diamond | 3.51 | 3.52 | 3.53 | 10 | Cúbico |
| Diamond | 3.50 | 3.52 | 3.53 | 10 | Cúbico |
| Pink Diamond | 3.51 | 3.52 | 3.53 | 10 | Cúbico |
| Yellow Diamond | 3.51 | 3.52 | 3.53 | 10 | Cúbico |
| Rhodochrosite | 3.40 | 3.50 | 3.70 | 3.5–4 | Trigonal |
| Sinhalite | 3.47 | 3.48 | 3.50 | 6.5–7 | Ortorrómbico |
| Diaspore | 3.30 | 3.35 | 3.39 | 6.5–7 | Ortorrómbico |
| Tanzanite | 3.35 | 3.35 | 3.38 | 6–7 | Ortorrómbico |
| Jadeite | 3.24 | 3.34 | 3.43 | 6.5–7 | Agregado |
| Peridot | 3.27 | 3.34 | 3.48 | 6.5–7 | Ortorrómbico |
| Kornerupine | 3.27 | 3.33 | 3.45 | 6.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Chrome Diopside | 3.22 | 3.30 | 3.38 | 5.5–6.5 | Monoclínico |
| Star Diopside | 3.27 | 3.29 | 3.36 | 5–6 | Monoclínico |
| Enstatite | 3.20 | 3.27 | 3.30 | 5–5.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Moissanite | 3.20 | 3.22 | 3.22 | 9.25 | Hexagonal |
| Clinohumite | 3.13 | 3.21 | 3.35 | 6 | Monoclínico |
| Apatite | 3.17 | 3.20 | 3.23 | 5 | Hexagonal |
| Thulite | 3.10 | 3.20 | 3.38 | 6–7 | Ortorrómbico |
| Fluorite | 3.17 | 3.18 | 3.19 | 4 | Cúbico |
| Hiddenite | 3.15 | 3.18 | 3.21 | 6.5–7 | Monoclínico |
| Kunzite | 3.15 | 3.18 | 3.21 | 6.5–7 | Monoclínico |
| Andalusite | 3.13 | 3.17 | 3.21 | 7–7.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Chrome Tourmaline | 3.00 | 3.10 | 3.20 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Green Tourmaline | 3.00 | 3.06 | 3.10 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Indicolite | 3.02 | 3.06 | 3.10 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Paraiba Tourmaline | 3.02 | 3.06 | 3.10 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Rubellite | 3.02 | 3.06 | 3.10 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Tourmaline | 3.01 | 3.06 | 3.26 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Watermelon Tourmaline | 3.00 | 3.06 | 3.10 | 7–7.5 | Trigonal |
| Danburite | 2.97 | 3.00 | 3.02 | 7–7.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Phenakite | 2.95 | 2.96 | 2.97 | 7.5–8 | Trigonal |
| Grandidierite | 2.85 | 2.95 | 2.98 | 7–7.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Nephrite | 2.90 | 2.95 | 3.03 | 6–6.5 | Agregado |
| Prehnite | 2.82 | 2.88 | 2.94 | 6–6.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Morganite | 2.71 | 2.82 | 2.85 | 7.5–8 | Hexagonal |
| Larimar | 2.74 | 2.80 | 2.90 | 4.5–5 | Triclínico |
| Sugilite | 2.74 | 2.76 | 2.80 | 5.5–6.5 | Hexagonal |
| Turquoise | 2.60 | 2.76 | 2.90 | 5–6 | Triclínico |
| Lapis Lazuli | 2.70 | 2.75 | 2.90 | 5–6 | Agregado |
| Pearl | 2.60 | 2.74 | 2.85 | 2.5–4.5 | Agregado |
| Aquamarine | 2.68 | 2.72 | 2.78 | 7.5–8 | Hexagonal |
| Emerald | 2.67 | 2.72 | 2.78 | 7.5–8 | Hexagonal |
| Goshenite | 2.68 | 2.72 | 2.80 | 7.5–8 | Hexagonal |
| Heliodor | 2.68 | 2.72 | 2.74 | 7.5–8 | Hexagonal |
| Calcite | 2.67 | 2.71 | 2.73 | 3 | Trigonal |
| Labradorite | 2.68 | 2.70 | 2.75 | 6–6.5 | Triclínico |
| Rainbow Moonstone | 2.68 | 2.70 | 2.72 | 6–6.5 | Triclínico |
| Coral | 2.60 | 2.68 | 2.70 | 3–4 | Agregado |
| Red Beryl | 2.66 | 2.68 | 2.70 | 7.5–8 | Hexagonal |
| Amethyst | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.65 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Ametrine | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.67 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Aventurine | 2.64 | 2.65 | 2.69 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Citrine | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.65 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Hawk's Eye | 2.64 | 2.65 | 2.71 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Prasiolite | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.67 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Rock Crystal | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.65 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Rose Quartz | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.65 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Smoky Quartz | 2.63 | 2.65 | 2.65 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Tiger's Eye | 2.64 | 2.65 | 2.71 | 7 | Trigonal |
| Scapolite | 2.50 | 2.63 | 2.74 | 6–6.5 | Tetragonal |
| Sunstone | 2.62 | 2.63 | 2.65 | 6–6.5 | Triclínico |
| Agate | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Bloodstone | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Carnelian | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Chalcedony | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Chrysoprase | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Onyx | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Pietersite | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Agregado |
| Chrysocolla Chalcedony | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.64 | 6.5–7 | Trigonal |
| Charoite | 2.54 | 2.60 | 2.68 | 5–6 | Monoclínico |
| Iolite | 2.57 | 2.59 | 2.66 | 7–7.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Moonstone | 2.56 | 2.58 | 2.59 | 6–6.5 | Monoclínico |
| Amazonite | 2.54 | 2.56 | 2.58 | 6–6.5 | Triclínico |
| Serpentine | 2.44 | 2.55 | 2.62 | 3–6 | Monoclínico |
| Howlite | 2.45 | 2.53 | 2.58 | 3.5 | Monoclínico |
| Variscite | 2.40 | 2.52 | 2.60 | 3.5–4.5 | Ortorrómbico |
| Hauyne | 2.44 | 2.47 | 2.50 | 5.5–6 | Cúbico |
| Obsidian | 2.30 | 2.40 | 2.60 | 5–5.5 | Amorfo |
| Moldavite | 2.32 | 2.35 | 2.38 | 5.5 | Amorfo |
| Hackmanite | 2.27 | 2.27 | 2.40 | 5.5–6 | Cúbico |
| Sodalite | 2.14 | 2.27 | 2.40 | 5.5–6 | Cúbico |
| Chrysocolla | 1.93 | 2.20 | 2.40 | 2–4 | Ortorrómbico |
| Opal | 1.98 | 2.15 | 2.25 | 5.5–6.5 | Amorfo |
| Black Opal | 2.09 | 2.10 | 2.16 | 5.5–6.5 | Amorfo |
| Fire Opal | 1.98 | 2.00 | 2.20 | 5.5–6.5 | Amorfo |
| Ivory | 1.70 | 1.85 | 1.98 | 2.5–3 | Agregado |
| Jet | 1.10 | 1.32 | 1.40 | 2.5–4 | Amorfo |
| Amber | 1.05 | 1.08 | 1.09 | 2–2.5 | Amorfo |
¿Cuál es la gravedad específica del diamante?
La gravedad específica del diamante es 3.50–3.53. Sus imitaciones dan lecturas distintas — la circonita cúbica es mucho más densa (5.60–6.00), por eso la medición hidrostática las separa rápidamente.
¿Qué gema tiene la gravedad específica más alta?
Entre las 132 gemas de esta referencia, Cinnabar es la más densa (8.00–8.20). La tabla completa ordena todas las especies de mayor a menor.
¿Cómo se mide la gravedad específica?
Por pesada hidrostática: se pesa la piedra en el aire y luego suspendida en agua — el cociente da la GE. Funciona sobre piedras sueltas en bruto o irregulares, pero no sobre piedras montadas, porque el metal de la montura invalida la medición.
Ver también: Reference Database (EN) · Guide (EN)