Open Gem Property Dataset

The physical and optical property table behind Loupewise, published in full as an openly licensed dataset. 132 entries across 69 species, in CSV and JSON, free to download, redistribute and build on under CC BY 4.0 — including commercially. All we ask is attribution.

132
entries
69
species
34
fields per entry
132
entries carrying source keys

Licence and citation

Released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. You may share and adapt it for any purpose, including commercially, provided you give credit and indicate whether you changed anything.

Please cite it as:

Loupewise. Loupewise Gem Property Dataset (version 4fbacd51ce04). 2026-10-09. Licensed CC BY 4.0. https://gemid-labs.com/data/

The version string is a content hash of the source data, so it changes when and only when the data changes — two downloads carrying the same version are the same table.

What is in it, and what is not

This is the property table: the measurable physical and optical characteristics a reference work would carry anyway. It is the part our sources are actually sources for.

What is not here is the curation — the judgement about which stones get mistaken for which, how to tell them apart, and how to walk a stone through an identification. That is the product, and it stays closed. We would rather state that boundary plainly than let you discover it by absence:

WithheldFields
Confusion pairs and simulant notesconfusedWith, simulants, common_simulants_for
Natural/synthetic and treatment flowsnatVsSynTests, nat_syn_tests, natural_vs_synthetic_tests, treatments, treatment_tests
Curated teaching prosekey_differentiators, notes
Inclusion observation listsinclusions_loupe, inclusions_darkfield
Commercial dataprice_info

Provenance, and where the sources disagree

Each row carries a sources column listing the reference keys supporting its physical and optical properties. Those keys resolve against our reference database. They are cited for properties and nothing else — there are no prices in this dataset, by design.

Where published authorities genuinely disagree about a value, the JSON carries a source_discrepancies note on that entry rather than silently picking a winner. 2 entries do so today.

An empty cell means not recorded — never zero. Sometimes the property is structurally absent (singly refractive material has no birefringence at all, rather than a birefringence of zero; an entry that is its own species has no separate variety name). Sometimes it simply has not been recorded for that entry — the Hanneman filter and thermal probe columns are the sparsest. Do not impute a value to a blank.
Ranges are ranges. Where a property varies across material sold under one name, the table gives a minimum and a maximum rather than a single figure. A stone reading outside a range is not necessarily misidentified — measurement error on ordinary equipment is often wider than the range itself, particularly for specific gravity.

Field dictionary

FieldMeaning
idStable identifier used across the dataset and site.
nameCommon trade or varietal name.
speciesMineral species the entry belongs to.
varietyVariety name within the species.
crystal_systemCrystal system.
optic_characterSR (singly refractive), DR_U/DR_B (uniaxial/biaxial, + or −), or AGG (aggregate).
adrWhether the material commonly shows anomalous double refraction.
ri_minLowest refractive index recorded for the entry.
ri_maxHighest refractive index recorded for the entry.
birefringenceMaximum minus minimum RI. Empty for singly refractive and aggregate material, which has no birefringence rather than a birefringence of zero.
dispersionDispersion (B–G interval). Empty where no value is recorded — mostly opaque, aggregate or organic material whose fire is not observable. Until 2026-10-09 these 17 entries carried 0, a placeholder rather than a measurement.
sg_minLowest specific gravity recorded.
sg_maxHighest specific gravity recorded.
sg_typicalRepresentative specific gravity within that range.
hardness_minLowest Mohs hardness recorded.
hardness_maxHighest Mohs hardness recorded.
cleavageCleavage quality and direction.
fracture_typeCharacteristic fracture.
crystal_habitsHabits the material commonly forms in.
lusterLuster terms that apply.
transparencyTransparency range.
color_categoriesBroad colour bands the material occurs in.
pleochroismPleochroism strength: none, weak, moderate, strong_dichroic or strong_trichroic.
pleochroic_colorsTwin or triplet colours where recorded.
facet_doublingWhether facet doubling is visible through the crown.
facet_doubling_strengthStrength of that doubling.
magnetismResponse to a neodymium magnet.
fluorescence_lwLong-wave (365 nm) UV response.
fluorescence_swShort-wave (254 nm) UV response.
chelsea_filterAppearance through a Chelsea filter.
hanneman_filterAppearance through a Hanneman filter.
spectroscope_absorptionAbsorption features described for the visible spectrum.
thermal_testHow the material reads on a diamond thermal probe.
sourcesReference keys supporting the physical and optical properties in this row.

Generated from the same data the reference charts and the identification engine read, so the dataset and the site cannot disagree.